Feelings of anxiety are normal reactions to stresses such as meeting a deadline, taking a test, going for a job interview, paying your bills or preparing your tax report. When worry becomes excessive, it can become a problem. Anxiety can be sudden and overwhelming, causing feelings of helplessness for a fairly brief time. You may experience heart palpitations, trembling, shortness of breath, nausea and dizziness or intense fear. This is often referred to as a panic attack or an anxiety attack.
An anxiety attack is not the same as anxiety disorder, which is a pervasive feeling of dread or worry that is excessive and does not let up. The disorder, referred to as general anxiety disorder (GAD), causes much distress and the worry is uncontrollable, often disrupting your job, activities or social life. The things that cause high anxiety can range from phobias such as fear of heights or snakes or spiders or fear of public places to posttraumatic stress disorder. The physical symptoms often include sleep disturbances, restlessness, muscle tension and aches, upset stomach and a feeling of restlessness. Some of the psychological symptoms are the inability to turn off worrisome thoughts, difficulty relaxing or concentrating, irritability and/or generalized fear.
Treating anxiety attacks or the anxiety disorder usually involves learning techniques to help soothe yourself and how to cope with the feelings. Relaxation exercises that involve the senses are often helpful. These can include visualizing a beautiful, serene landscape or looking at lovely arts or crafts. Involving your muscles can often help take your mind off the source of your worry for a while. Take a walk, play with your pet or stretch. Listen to soothing music or some nature sounds that please you. Smell some fragrant flowers or fresh-baked bread or your favorite perfume. Indulge in a delicious meal or really good chocolate. Sink into a warm bath, get a massage or pet your cat or dog.
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